hair shirt的词源

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stem: stem: The stem [OE] of a tree is etymologically the upright part, the part that ‘stands’ up. The word comes from prehistoric Germanic *stamniz, a derivative of the base *sta- ‘stand’ (which also produced English stand). The application to the ‘front of a vessel’ (as in from stem to stern) comes from the notion of an ‘upright beam’ at the prow (and originally the stern also) of a boat, which dates back to the Anglo-Saxon period. Stem ‘stop’ [13] was borrowed from Old Norse stemma, a descendant of prehistoric Germanic *stamjan.

This was formed from the base *stam- ‘stop, check’, which also produced English stammer and stumble.
=> stand, statue; stammer, stumble

一种旧时苦修者所穿的粗糙衣衫。

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